PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to take a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.
